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In July 2007, Edward Ayers assumed the presidency of the University of Richmond. Named National Professor of the Year in 2003, Ayers has written and edited 10 books. "The Promise of the New South: Life After Reconstruction" was a finalist for both the National Book Award and the Pulitzer Prize. "In the Presence of Mine Enemies: Civil War in the Heart of America" won the Bancroft Prize for distinguished writing in American history. Ayers also created "The Valley of the Shadow: Two Communities in the American Civil War," a Web site that has attracted millions of visitors.
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Ira Berlin, Distinguished University Professor in the Department of History, University of Maryland and the founder of the Freedmen and Southern Society Project is the author of four books on slavery, including, the multiple-prize winning "Many Thousands Gone: the First Two Centuries of Slavery in America."
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David W. Blight is Class of '54 Professor of American History and Director, the Gilder Lehrman Center for the Study of Slavery and Abolition, Yale University. He is the author of "Race and Reunion: The Civil War in American Memory," and the forthcoming "Fivescore Years Ago: Searching for America at the Civil War Centennial."
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Historian, author, curator and educator, Lonnie G. Bunch, III is the founding director of the Smithsonian’s National Museum of African American History and Culture. He is working to set the museum’s mission, coordinate its fund raising and develop its collections. In 2002, President George W. Bush appointed him to the Commission for the Preservation of the White House.
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Ken Burns is the director, producer, co-writer, chief cinematographer, music director and executive producer of the landmark television series The Civil War which garnered more than 40 film and television awards, including two Emmys, two Grammys and the prestigious Lincoln Prize. This film was the highest rated series in the history of American Public Television and attracted an audience of 40 million during its premiere in September 1990.
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Gary W. Gallagher, the John L. Nau III Professor in the History of the American Civil War at the University of Virginia, is the author or editor of more than 30 books. His publications include "The Union War" (forthcoming, Harvard University Press, 2011), "Causes Won," "Lost, and Forgotten: How Hollywood and Popular Art Shape What We Know about the Civil War" (University of North Carolina Press, 2008), "Lee and His Generals in War and Memory" (Louisiana State University Press, 1998), and "The Confederate War" (Harvard University Press). Active in the field of historic preservation, he was a founder and first president of the Association for the Preservation of Civil War Sites.
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Brent D. Glass, director of the Smithsonian’s National Museum of American History, oversaw the renovation of the building in 2008 and and the addition of more than 20 exhibitions, including “Abraham Lincoln: An Extraordinary Life.” Before joining the Smithsonian, Glass was executive director of the Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission in Harrisburg, Pa., from 1987 to 2002.
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Robert Lee Hodge is a reenactor who played a major role in the best-selling book "Confederates in the Attic," by Tony Horwitz, and appears on the cover. He has organized battlefield preservation fund-raisers and serves on the board of directors of the Central Virginia Battlefields Trust, an organization that has protected hundreds of acres near Fredericksburg. He is an Emmy Award-winning filmmaker who has also appeared in many historical films and TV programs and was a principal researcher on Time-Life Books 18-volume series "Voices of the Civil War" and "The Illustrated History of the Civil War." He has written about war-related matters for various publications.
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Harold Holzer, a leading authority on Lincoln and the political culture of the Civil War era, is Chairman of the Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Foundation, successor organization of the U. S. Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Commission, which he co-chaired for nine years. He is the author, co-author, or editor of 36 books, most recently "Lincoln President-Elect." Holzer has won many research, writing, and lifetime achievement awards, including the 2008 National Endowment Medal from the President of the United States. A former journalist, and political and government press secretary (for both Congresswoman Bella Abzug and Governor Mario Cuomo), Holzer serves as Senior Vice President for External Affairs at The Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York.
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Chandra Manning teaches 19th century U.S. history, including classes on the Civil War era, at Georgetown University. Her first book, "What This Cruel War Was Over: Soldiers, Slavery, and the Civil War" won the Avery O. Craven Award given by the Organization of American Historians for best book on the Civil War Era, won Honorable Mention for both the Abraham Lincoln Prize and the Jefferson Davis Prize, and was a finalist for the Frederick Douglass Prize. She is currently working on a book about slaves who ran to the Union Army during the Civil War, and then moved North.
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John F. Marszalek is the Giles Distinguished Professor Emeritus of history at Mississippi State University and the executive director and managing editor of the Ulysses S. Grant Association. He is the author of seven books and co-editor of the "Encyclopedia of African-American Civil Rights."
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Kate Masur teaches U.S. history at Northwestern University. Her research and writing focus on race and politics in the Civil War era. She is the author of "An Example for All the Land: Emancipation and the Struggle over Equality in Washington, D.C." (2010). She has also published articles on the famed 1862 African American delegation to Abraham Lincoln and on what northerners meant when they called fugitives from slavery "contrabands."
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Stephanie McCurry, the undergraduate chair of the history department of the University of Pennsylvania, is a specialist in 19th century American history, with a focus on the American South and the Civil War era. She is the author of two books on the Civil War South.
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Edna Greene Medford is a professor and chairperson of the Department of History at Howard University, where for the last 23 years she has specialized in 19th century U.S. history. She sits on the advisory boards of the Knox College Lincoln Studies Center (Galesburg, Illinois), the Ulysses S. Grant Papers (Mississippi State University), President Lincoln’s Cottage (Washington, D.C.) and the Abraham Lincoln Foundation. She is also a member of the Executive Committee of the Lincoln Forum, a national organization dedicated to the study of President Lincoln and the Civil War era.
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Mike Musick is retired from the National Archives in Washington, D.C., as Subject Area Expert for the U.S. Civil War, after 35 years with the agency.
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Harold Nelson.
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Waite Rawls has been the Executive Director of the Museum of the Confederacy since January 2004. He is a member of the Board of Visitors of the Virginia Military Institute, a Trustee of the Camp Foundation and a former Trustee of the Civil War Preservation Trust. A native of Franklin, Virginia, he joined the Franklin Civil War Roundtable at age 9. He has a BA from the Virginia Military Institute and his MBA and JD from the University of Virginia.
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Carol Sheriff.
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Dana B. Shoaf is the editor of Civil War Times magazine and executive editor of Civil War Titles for the Weider History Group, the largest publisher of history magazines in the world. He has consulted on state and national Civil War projects and is a frequent speaker on Civil War topics.
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John Stauffer is Chair of the History of American Civilization and Professor of English and African and African American Studies at Harvard University. Among the leading scholars of the Civil War era, antislavery in particular, he is the author or editor of eight books and more than 50 articles. His most recent book is "Giants: The Parallel Lives of Frederick Douglass and Abraham Lincoln."
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Dr. Craig L. Symonds, Professor Emeritus at the United States Naval Academy, was the history department chair from 1988 to 1992 and served as Professor of Strategy at the U.S. Naval War College in Newport, Rhode Island from 1971 to 1974. He is author or editor of twenty-four books, including his 2008 book, "Lincoln and His Admirals: Abraham Lincoln, the U.S. Navy, and the Civil War," that won the Lincoln Prize and the Abraham Lincoln Institute Book Award.
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Professor Joan Waugh of the UCLA History Department researches and writes about nineteenth-century America, specializing in the Civil War, Reconstruction, and Gilded Age eras. Waugh has published many essays on Civil War topics, and her newest book "U. S. Grant: American Hero, American Myth" (University of North Carolina Press, 2009), was awarded the Jefferson Davis Book Prize from the Museum of the Confederacy and the William Henry Seward Award for Excellence in Civil War Biography from the Civil War Forum of Metropolitan New York.
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About This Blog

“A House Divided” is a blog dedicated to news and issues of importance to Civil War enthusiasts across the country and around the world. Blogger Linda Wheeler and a panel of respected Civil War experts will debate and dissect historical issues and explore new concepts. Wheeler will also report on conferences and seminars, find little-known battlefields and sites to explore, keep track of local, national and international stories of interest to readers and provide advice on upcoming events.
About the Blogger

Harold Holzer: Could the war have been prevented?

By Harold Holzer

Author or editor of 36 books, many on Lincoln, and chairman of the Abraham Lincoln Bicentennial Foundation

Holzer

Of course the war could have been avoided -- first and most obviously, had the Southern states neither seceded from the Union nor tried to seize federal property by force (namely Fort Sumter). But essentially Lincoln was absolutely accurate when he said of the cloud of war that lingered over his first inaugural,"All dreaded it -- all sought to avert it." But he was also right when he concluded of the growing tensions between North and South in 1861,"Both parties deprecated war; but one of them would make war rather than let the nation survive; and the other would accept war rather than let it perish. And the war came."

As long as the Confederacy was willing to fight to destroy the Union, and as long as the Union was willing to fight to save itself, war was unavoidable. Compromise -- least the kind of deals proposed by Congress and the Washington Peace Convention at the Willard--might have postponed war, but at the expense of extending and perpetuating slavery and choking off future debate about the institution for generation. As Lincoln put it, "the tug has to come, & better now any time hereafter." And the tug came!

Our panel responds to the question: "Could the war have been prevented and if so, how?

By Harold Holzer | November 8, 2010; 11:34 AM ET
Categories: Views | Tags: Harold Holzer
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Next: David Blight: Could the war have been prevented?

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